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dup man page

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DUP(2)                     Linux Programmer's Manual                    DUP(2)




NAME

       dup, dup2 - duplicate a file descriptor


SYNOPSIS

       #include <unistd.h>

       int dup(int oldfd);
       int dup2(int oldfd, int newfd);


DESCRIPTION

       dup() and dup2() create a copy of the file descriptor oldfd.

       After  a  successful  return from dup() or dup2(), the old and new file
       descriptors may be used interchangeably.  They refer to the  same  open
       file description (see open(2)) and thus share file offset and file sta-
       tus flags; for example,  if  the  file  offset  is  modified  by  using
       lseek(2)  on one of the descriptors, the offset is also changed for the
       other.

       The two descriptors do not share file descriptor flags  (the  close-on-
       exec  flag).  The close-on-exec flag (FD_CLOEXEC; see fcntl(2)) for the
       duplicate descriptor is off.

       dup() uses the lowest-numbered unused descriptor for the  new  descrip-
       tor.

       dup2()  makes newfd be the copy of oldfd, closing newfd first if neces-
       sary.


RETURN VALUE

       dup() and dup2() return the new descriptor, or -1 if an error  occurred
       (in which case, errno is set appropriately).


ERRORS

       EBADF  oldfd  isn't  an  open  file  descriptor, or newfd is out of the
              allowed range for file descriptors.

       EBUSY  (Linux only) This may be returned by dup2() during a race condi-
              tion with open() and dup().

       EINTR  The dup2() call was interrupted by a signal.

       EMFILE The  process  already has the maximum number of file descriptors
              open and tried to open a new one.


WARNINGS

       The error returned  by  dup2()  is  different  from  that  returned  by
       fcntl(...,  F_DUPFD,  ...)  when newfd is out of range. On some systems
       dup2() also sometimes returns EINVAL like F_DUPFD.

       If newfd was open, any errors that would have been reported at  close()
       time,  are lost. A careful programmer will not use dup2() without clos-
       ing newfd first.


CONFORMING TO

       SVr4, SVID, POSIX, X/OPEN, 4.3BSD. SVr4 documents additional EINTR  and
       ENOLINK  error  conditions.   POSIX.1  adds EINTR.  The EBUSY return is
       Linux-specific.


SEE ALSO

       close(2), fcntl(2), open(2)



Linux 1.1.46                      1994-08-21                            DUP(2)


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