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System Administration Commands fsck(1M)
NAME
fsck - check and repair file systems
SYNOPSIS
fsck [-F FSType] [-m] [-V] [special...]
fsck [-F FSType] [-n | N | y | Y] [-V] [-o FSType-
specific-options] [special...]
DESCRIPTION
fsck audits and interactively repairs inconsistent file sys-
tem conditions. If the file system is inconsistent the
default action for each correction is to wait for the user
to respond yes or no. If the user does not have write per-
mission fsck defaults to a no action. Some corrective
actions will result in loss of data. The amount and severity
of data loss can be determined from the diagnostic output.
FSType-specific-options are options specified in a comma-
separated (with no intervening spaces) list of options or
keyword-attribute pairs for interpretation by the FSType-
specific module of the command.
special represents the character special device on which the
file system resides, for example, /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s7. Note:
the character special device, not the block special device,
should be used. fsck will not work if the block device is
mounted.
If no special device is specified fsck checks the file sys-
tems listed in /etc/vfstab. Those entries in /etc/vfstab
which have a character special device entry in the fsckdev
field and have a non-zero numeric entry in the fsckpass
field will be checked. Specifying -F FSType limits the file
systems to be checked to those of the type indicated.
If special is specified, but -F is not, the file system type
will be determined by looking for a matching entry in
/etc/vfstab. If no entry is found, the default local file
system type specified in /etc/default/fs will be used.
If a file system type supports parallel checking, for exam-
ple, ufs, some file systems eligible for checking may be
checked in parallel. Consult the file system-specific man
page (for example, fsck_ufs(1M)) for more information.
OPTIONS
The following generic options are supported:
-F FSType Specify the file system type on
which to operate.
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 18 July 2004 1
System Administration Commands fsck(1M)
-m Check but do not repair. This option
checks that the file system is suit-
able for mounting, returning the
appropriate exit status. If the file
system is ready for mounting, fsck
displays a message such as:
ufs fsck: sanity check: /dev/rdsk/c0t3d0s1 okay
-n | -N Assume a no response to all ques-
tions asked by fsck; do not open the
file system for writing.
-V Echo the expanded command line but
do not execute the command. This
option may be used to verify and to
validate the command line.
-y | Y Assume a yes response to all ques-
tions asked by fsck.
-o specific-options These specific-options can be any
combination of the following
separated by commas (with no inter-
vening spaces).
b=n
Use block n as the super block
for the file system. Block 32 is
always one of the alternate
super blocks. Determine the
location of other super blocks
by running newfs(1M) with the
-Nv options specified.
c
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 18 July 2004 2
System Administration Commands fsck(1M)
If the file system is in the old
(static table) format, convert
it to the new (dynamic table)
format. If the file system is in
the new format, convert it to
the old format provided the old
format can support the file sys-
tem configuration. In interac-
tive mode, fsck will list the
direction the conversion is to
be made and ask whether the
conversion should be done. If a
negative answer is given, no
further operations are done on
the file system. In preen mode,
the direction of the conversion
is listed and done if possible
without user interaction.
Conversion in preen mode is best
used when all the file systems
are being converted at once. The
format of a file system can be
determined from the first line
of output from fstyp(1M). Note:
the c option is seldom used and
is included only for compatibil-
ity with pre-4.1 releases. There
is no guarantee that this option
will be included in future
releases.
f
Force checking of file systems
regardless of the state of their
super block clean flag.
p
Check and fix the file system
non-interactively ("preen").
Exit immediately if there is a
problem requiring intervention.
This option is required to
enable parallel file system
checking.
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 18 July 2004 3
System Administration Commands fsck(1M)
w
Check writable file systems
only.
EXIT STATUS
0 file system is okay and does not need checking
1 erroneous parameters are specified
32 file system is unmounted and needs checking (fsck
-monly)
33 file system is already mounted
34 cannot stat device
36 uncorrectable errors detected - terminate normally
37 a signal was caught during processing
39 uncorrectable errors detected - terminate immedi-
ately
40 for root, same as 0.
USAGE
See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of fsck
when encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte (2
**31 bytes).
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 18 July 2004 4
System Administration Commands fsck(1M)
FILES
/etc/default/fs default local file system type.
Default values can be set for the
following flags in /etc/default/fs.
For example: LOCAL=ufs.
LOCAL The default partition for a
command if no FSType is
specified.
/etc/vfstab list of default parameters for each
file system
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
clri(1M), fsck_cachefs(1M), fsck_ufs(1M), fsdb_ufs(1M),
fsirand(1M), fstyp(1M), mkfs(1M), mkfs_ufs(1M),
mountall(1M), newfs(1M), reboot( 1M), vfstab(4), attri-
butes(5), largefile(5), ufs(7FS)
WARNINGS
The operating system buffers file system data. Running fsck
on a mounted file system can cause the operating system's
buffers to become out of date with respect to the disk. For
this reason, the file system should be unmounted when fsck
is used. If this is not possible, care should be taken that
the system is quiescent and that it is rebooted immediately
after fsck is run. Quite often, however, this will not be
sufficient. A panic will probably occur if running fsck on a
file system modifies the file system.
NOTES
This command may not be supported for all FSTypes.
Running fsck on file systems larger than 2 Gb fails if the
user chooses to use the block interface to the device:
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 18 July 2004 5
System Administration Commands fsck(1M)
fsck /dev/dsk/c?t?d?s?
rather than the raw (character special) device:
fsck /dev/rdsk/c?t?d?s?
Starting with Solaris 9, fsck manages extended attribute
data on the disk. (See fsattr(5) for a description of
extended file attributes.) A file system with extended
attributes can be mounted on versions of Solaris that are
not attribute-aware (versions prior to Solaris 9), but the
attributes will not be accessible and fsck will strip them
from the files and place them in lost+found. Once the attri-
butes have been stripped, the file system is completely
stable on versions of Solaris that are not attribute-aware,
but would be considered corrupted on attribute-aware ver-
sions. In the latter circumstance, run the attribute-aware
fsck to stabilize the file system before using it in an
attribute-aware environment.
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 18 July 2004 6
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This page was generated on Wed Sep 12 11:25:58 GMT 2007
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