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File Formats ipnodes(4)
NAME
ipnodes - local database associating names of nodes with IP
addresses
SYNOPSIS
/etc/inet/ipnodes
DESCRIPTION
The ipnodes file is a local database that associates the
names of nodes with their Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.
IP addresses can be either an IPv4 or an IPv6 address. The
ipnodes file can be used in conjunction with, or instead of,
other ipnodes databases, including the Domain Name System
(DNS), the NIS ipnodes map, and the NIS+ ipnodes table. Pro-
grams use library interfaces to access information in the
ipnodes file.
The ipnodes file has one entry for each IP address of each
node. If a node has more than one IP address, it will have
one entry for each, on consecutive lines. The format of each
line is:
IP-address official-node-name nicknames...
Items are separated by any number of <SPACE> and/or <TAB>
characters. The first item on a line is the node's IP
address. The second entry is the node's official name. Sub-
sequent entries on the same line are alternative names for
the same machine, or "nicknames." Nicknames are optional.
For a node with more than one IP address, consecutive
entries for these addresses may contain the same or differ-
ing nicknames. Different nicknames are useful for assigning
distinct names to different addresses.
A call to getipnodebyname(3SOCKET) returns a hostent struc-
ture containing the union of all addresses and nicknames
from each line containing a matching official name or nick-
name.
A `#' indicates the beginning of a comment; characters up to
the end of the line are not interpreted by routines that
search the file.
Network addresses are written in one of two ways:
o The conventional "decimal dot" notation and interpreted
using the inet_addr routine from the Internet address
manipulation library, inet(3SOCKET).
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 15 Dec 2004 1
File Formats ipnodes(4)
o The IP Version 6 protocol [IPV6], defined in RFC 1884
and interpreted using the inet_pton() routine from the
Internet address manipulation library. See
inet(3SOCKET).
These interfaces supports node names as defined in Internet
RFC 952 which states:
A "name" (Net, Host, Gateway, or Domain name) is a text
string up to 24 characters drawn from the alphabet (A-Z),
digits (0-9), minus sign (-), and period (.). Note that
periods are only allowed when they serve to delimit com-
ponents of "domain style names". (See RFC 921, "Domain Name
System Implementation Schedule," for background). No blank
or space characters are permitted as part of a name. No dis-
tinction is made between upper and lower case. The first
character must be an alpha character. The last character
must not be a minus sign or period.
Although the interface accepts node names longer than 24
characters for the node portion (exclusive of the domain
component), choosing names for nodes that adhere to the 24
character restriction will insure maximum interoperability
on the Internet.
A node which serves as a GATEWAY should have "-GATEWAY" or
"-GW" as part of its name. Nodes which do not serve as
Internet gateways should not use "-GATEWAY" and "-GW" as
part of their names. A node that is a TAC should have "-TAC"
as the last part of its node name, if it is a DoD node.
Single character names or nicknames are not allowed.
RFC 952 has been modified by RFC 1123 to relax the restric-
tion on the first character being a digit.
EXAMPLES
Example 1: A Typical Line from the ipnodes File
The following is a typical line from the ipnodes file:
2001:0db8:3c4d:55:a00:20ff:fe8e:f3ad myhost # John Smith
SEE ALSO
getipnodebyname(3SOCKET), inet(3SOCKET), nsswitch.conf(4),
resolv.conf(4), hosts(4)
Braden, B., editor, RFC 1123, Requirements for Internet
Hosts - Application and Support, Network Working Group,
October, 1989.
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 15 Dec 2004 2
File Formats ipnodes(4)
Harrenstien, K., Stahl, M., and Feinler, E., RFC 952, DOD
INTERNET HOST TABLE SPECIFICATION, Network Working Group,
October 1985.
Hinden, R., and Deering, S., editors, RFC 1884, IP Version 6
Addressing Architecture, Network Working Group, December,
1995.
Postel, Jon, RFC 921, Domain Name System Implementation
Schedule - Revised, Network Working Group, October 1984.
NOTES
IPv4 addresses can be defined in the ipnodes file or in the
hosts file. See hosts(4). The ipnodes file will be searched
for IPv4 addresses when using the getipnodebyname(3SOCKET)
API. If no matching IPv4 addresses are found in the ipnodes
file, then the hosts file will be searched. To prevent
delays in name resolution and to keep /etc/inet/ipnodes and
/etc/inet/hosts synchronized, IPv4 addresses defined in the
hosts file should be copied to the ipnodes file.
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 15 Dec 2004 3
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This page was generated on Wed Sep 12 11:27:24 GMT 2007
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